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Fortified Sector of Faulquemont
The Fortified Sector of Faulquemont (''Secteur Fortifiée de Faulquemont'') was the French military organization that in 1940 controlled the section of the Maginot Line in the area of Faulquemont to the east of Metz. With five ''petit ouvrages'' the sector was poorly equipped with fortress artillery, limiting the ''ouvrages'' ability to provide mutual support. The sector was attacked in 1940 by German forces in the Battle of France. Despite the withdrawal of the mobile forces that supported the fixed fortifications, the sector mounted a strong resistance. Two of the ''petit ouvrages'' fell to German attack, the remainder holding out until the Second Armistice at Compiègne. The surviving positions and their garrisons finally surrendered on 2 June 1940. During the Cold War, Ouvrage Kerfent was partially reactivated as a communications station for Royal Canadian Air Force units stationed in northwestern France with NATO. At present, most of the underground works in the sector are flooded by groundwater. Only Ouvrage Bambesch has been preserved and may be toured by the public.
==Concept and organization==
The Faulquemont sector was part of the larger Fortified Region of Metz, a strongly defended area between the Ardennes to the west and the Sarre valley to the east. The Metz region was more important during the planning and construction phase of the Maginot Line than it was in the operational phase of the Line, when the sectors assumed prominence.〔Mary, Tome 1, p. 15〕〔 The Fortified Region of Metz was dissolved as a military organization on 18 March 1940.〔Mary, Tome 3, p. 79〕
The initial plans for the sector in 1930 envisioned the construction of four ''gros ouvrages'', eight ''petit ouvrages'' and 23 casemates. Since the sector was of second importance, by the time work began in the sector the building programme had been cut back. All of the Faulquemont ''ouvrages'' were infantry works. There were no ''gros ouvrages'' mounting heavy artillery in the sector. Lacking such major works, the sector formed an extension of the weaker right wing of the neighboring SF Boulay, whose eastern positions were similarly lacking in artillery.〔Mary, Tome 1, p. 28〕 Uniquely, artillery support in the SF Faulquemont was provided by three casemates behind the main line firing to either side along the line. The artillery casemates resemble detached artillery blocks from a ''gros ouvrage''. However, these casemates were evacuated on 15 June 1940 and played no major role in the fighting around the ''ouvrages''. A follow-up programme was planned to augment the ''ouvrages'' with artillery, but financial difficulties delayed the projected start date in 1940. The artillery casemates were completed in 1937-1938.〔Mary, Tome 3, pp. 111-115〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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